Basic HTML Tags & Elements

Curriculum Lessons

• 4.1

  Tags, Elements, and Attributes

  The fundamental anatomy of HTML: tag markers, the element container model, key-value attributes, boolean switches, and universal global attributes.

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• 4.2

  Opening and Closing Tags

  Paired syntax rules, browser parser error recovery mechanisms, the catastrophic cost of unclosed containers, and DOM tree construction.

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• 4.3

  Void (Self-Closing) Elements

  The 14 special HTML5 void elements (img, input, br, hr, meta, link, etc.), why closing tags are prohibited, and demystifying the trailing slash myth.

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• 4.4

  Nesting Elements Correctly

  The LIFO (Last In, First Out) stack hierarchy, WHATWG Adoption Agency Algorithm, content models, flow vs phrasing content, and forbidden nesting pairs.

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• 4.5

  Block-Level vs Inline Elements

  Normal document flow mechanics, box model behavior differences (width, height, vertical margins), line break generation, and classifying core tags.

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• 4.6

  The <div> Element

  The generic block container, CSS Flexbox/Grid wrappers, diagnosing and curing the "Divitis" anti-pattern, and choosing semantic replacements.

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• 4.7

  The <span> Element

  The generic inline container, targeted substring styling hooks, badge and counter wrappers, comparing span against em, strong, and mark.

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• 4.8

  The <br> and <hr> Elements

  Semantic line breaks (poems, physical postal addresses) vs spacing abuse, thematic section transitions, and modern CSS divider styling.

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• 4.9

  HTML Whitespace Handling

  The browser whitespace collapsing algorithm, CSS white-space property controls, non-breaking spaces (&nbsp;, &ensp;, &emsp;), and <pre> blocks.

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• 4.10

  Tag Case Sensitivity & Best Practices

  HTML5 case insensitivity vs lowercase convention, double-quoting standards, case-sensitive attribute values, and configuring HTMLHint linters.

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